電磁兼容原理、建模與設計（英文版）

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) utilizes dedicated theory and technologies to predict, assess and prevent potential electromagnetic interference problems. After giving a brief overview of EMC and the related topics, this book explains basic EMC knowledge, including the properties of potential noise sources, distributed parameters, and modeling methods. Some prerequisites of EMC study, including the electromagnetic theory and signal analysis are also illustrated in a practical viewpoint.

Then it discusses the coupling mechanisms, and introduces the electromagnetic interference (EMI) mitigation techniques, what left are application-oriented EMC testing and design topics. To better explain mysterious EMC phenomenon, this book was written with practical cases, and with a hierarchical methodology. It combines experiences and results from years of research by the authors and best practices of international colleagues, makes it an ideal textbook for graduate students, as well as a beneficial reference for researchers and engineers in the area of electronics, electrical engineering, etc.

Chapter 1 Introduction to EMC 1
1.1　What is EMC　1
1.1.1　The Four Aspects of EMC problems　2
1.1.2　EMC-related Issues and Accidents　2
1.2　Basic Interference Sources　4
1.3　Basic Coupling Mechanisms　5
1.4　Basic Sensitive Equipment　7
1.4.1　Typical Sensitive Equipment　7
1.4.2　Susceptibility of Sensitive Equipment　9
1.5　Overview of EMI Control Techniques　11
1.6　EMC Foundations　15
1.7　References　16
1.8　Quiz　17

Chapter　2 Classification of Noise Sources　18
2.1　General Classification of Noise Sources　18
2.2　The Fourier Transform　19
2.3　Fourier Spectrum of Base Band Signals　22
2.3.1　Single Trapezoid　22
2.3.2　Pulse Trains　23
2.3.3　Double Exponential Pulses　24
2.4　Fourier Spectrum of Modulated Signals　26
2.4.1　Analog Modulation　27
2.4.2　Digital Modulation　28
2.5　References　31
2.6　Quiz　31

Chapter　3 Distributed Parameters　34
3.1　Review of Electromagnetic Theory　34
3.2　Review of Resistance Concepts　38
3.2.1　Basic Definitions　38
3.2.2　Self and Mutual Conductance　41
3.2.3　Grounding Resistance　43
3.2.4　Alternating Current Distributions　44
3.3　Review of Inductance Concepts　45
3.3.1　Basic Definition of Inductance　45
3.3.2　Calculation of Inductances　47
3.3.3　High Frequency Behaviors　50
3.4　Review of Capacitance Concepts　52
3.4.1　Basic Definition of Capacitance　52
3.4.2　Calculation of Capacitance　53
3.4.3　Grounded Floating and Shielded Conductors　55
3.4.4　High Frequency Behaviors　56
3.5　References　57
3.6　Quiz　58

Chapter　4 Modeling for EMC　59
4.1　Models and Modeling　59
4.1.1　Role of Models in EMC　59
4.1.2　Modeling Methods for EMC　60
4.2　Modeling of Nonlinearity　65
4.2.1　Power Series　65
4.2.2　Volterra Series　66
4.3　References　68
4.4　Quiz　69

Chapter　5 Field-field Coupling　70
5.1　Principle of Radiative Coupling　70
5.2　Near and Far Field Zones　72
5.3　Elementary Radiators　73
5.3.1　Dipole Antenna ( Electric Current Based Radiator)　73
5.3.2　Loop Antenna ( Magnetic Current Based Radiator)　74
5.3.3　Aperture Antenna ( Huygens Source)　74
5.4　Important Antenna Parameters　75
5.5　Isolation between Antennas　81
5.5.1　Friis Transmission Equation　81
5.5.2　Modified Friis Transmission Equation　82
5.5.3　Isolation on Platform　82
5.6　References　85
5.7　Quiz　86

Chapter　6 Wire-wire Coupling　87
6.1　Galvanic Coupling　87
6.1.1　Principle of Galvanic Coupling　87
6.1.2　Two-port Galvanic Coupling Network　89
6.2　Inductive Coupling　92
6.2.1　Principle of Inductive Coupling　92
6.2.2　Two-port Inductive Coupling Network　92
6.2.3　Calculation of Mutual Inductance　94
6.3　Capacitive Coupling　95
6.4　Generalized Weak Coupling　98
6.5　References　98
6.6　Quiz　98

Chapter　7 Transmission Line Coupling　99
7.1　Review of Transmission Line Theory　99
7.1.1　Telegraphers Equations　99
7.1.2　Reflections on Transmission Lines　103
7.2　Transmission Line Coupling　104
7.2.1　Coupling between Transmission Lines　104
7.2.2　Effects of Mutual Coupling　107
7.3　Multi-conductor Transmission Lines　108
7.3.1　Generalized Telegraphers Equations　108
7.3.2　Special Solutions of MTL Formulation: Degenerated Modes　111
7.3.3　General Solutions of MTL Formulation: Normal Modes　116
7.4　References　119
7.5　Quiz　120
7.6　Source Code　121

Chapter　8 Field-wire Coupling　123
8.1　Multi-conductor Transmission Line Equation　124
8.1.1　The Equation Associated with Distributed Source　124
8.1.2　Description of the Distributed Sources　126
8.2　Analysis of Cables　130
8.2.1　Twisted Line　130
8.2.2　Shielded Line　135
8.3　Penetration Field　138
8.4　References　140
8.5　Quiz　141
8.6　Source Code　141

Chapter　9 Signal Balancing　144
9.1　Differential Mode and Common Mode　144
9.1.1　Coaxial line　144
9.1.2　Coupled Microstrip Line　145
9.1.3　Parallel Line　145
9.2　Signal Balancing Methods　147
9.2.1　Overview　147
9.2.2　CM Suppressing Transformers　150
9.3　References　152
9.4　Quiz　152

Chapter　10 Grounding and Decoupling　153
10.1　Elements of Proper Grounding　153
10.1.1　Concept　153
10.1.2　Classification　155
10.1.3　Minimum Impedance Path　156
10.2　Grounding Methods　160
10.2.1　Single Point and Multipoint Grounding　160
10.2.2　Cable Grounding　163
10.2.3　Grounding for EMI Reduction　164
10.3　Decoupling　170
10.3.1　Concept of Decoupling　170
10.3.2　Hierarchical Decoupling　173
10.4　References　173
10.5　Quiz　173

Chapter　11 Electromagnetic Shielding　175
11.1　Concepts of Electromagnetic Shielding　175
11.1.1　Overview of Electromagnetic Shielding　175
11.1.2　Classification of Electromagnetic Shielding　176
11.1.3　Hierarchy of Electromagnetic Shielding　178
11.2　Planar Plate　179
11.2.1　High Frequency Shielding　179
11.2.2　Low Frequency Shielding　181
11.2.3　Low and High Frequency Shielding　184
11.3　Planar Plate with Holes　184
11.3.1　Small Holes　184
11.3.2　Cut-off Waveguide　186
11.4　Enclosures for Equipment　187
11.4.1　Rectangular Enclosures　187
11.4.2　Resonance of the Enclosures　190
11.5　Aircraft Fuselage and Car Chassis　191
11.5.1　Over Mode Cavity Theory　192
11.5.2　Extended Theory for Composite Materials　196
11.6　References　197
11.7　Quiz　197
11.8　Source Code　199

Chapter　12 Filters and Surge Protectors　201
12.1　The Classification of Filters　201
12.2　Passive EMI Filters　205
12.2.1　Second Order Low Pass Filters　205
12.2.2　Third Order Low Pass Filters　205
12.3　Active Filter Circuits　206
12.3.1　Operating Principles　206
12.3.2　Insertion Loss　211
12.4　Surge Protector　214
12.4.1　Overview　214
12.4.2　Design Considerations　216
12.5　References　219
12.6　Quiz　219

Chapter　13 Electromagnetic Absorbers　221
13.1　Introduction　221
13.2　Planar Absorbing Materials　221
13.2.1　Analysis Method　221
13.2.2　Two Planar Absorbers　223
13.3　Applications of Electromagnetic Absorbers　224
13.3.1　Reduce the Q Factors of Metallic Cavity　224
13.3.2　Improve the Shielding Effectiveness of Metallic Chassis　226
13.4　References　228
13.5　Quiz　228

Chapter　14 Testing for EMC　229
14.1　The Four Items of EMC Testing　229
14.2　EMC Testing Standards　233
14.2.1　Classification of Standards　233
14.2.2　Selected Standards　234
14.3　RE and RS Testing　237
14.3.1　Introduction　237
14.3.2　RE and RS Related Antenna Parameters　239
14.3.3　Wave Propagation in Testing Facilities　242
14.3.4　Reception of Weak Signals　247
14.4　CE and CS Testing　249
14.4.1　Introduction　250
14.4.2　Line Impedance Stabilization Network　252
14.4.3　Current Probes　254
14.5　References　257
14.6　Quiz　258
14.7　Source Code　258

Chapter　15 EMC Design　259
15.1　Purpose of EMC Design　259
15.2　Electromagnetic Topology　262
15.3　Systematic EMC Design　266
15.4　References　271
15.5　Quiz　271

Appendix　A Review of Circuit Analysis　273
Appendix　B Wireless Communications　282
Appendix　C Dimensions in EMC　288
Appendix　D Abbreviations and Acronyms　289

吳琦
 
北京航空航太大學教授、博士生導師、電磁相容與電磁環境系主任，某創新團隊負責人，曾獲全 國優 秀博士學位論文評選提名，並被授予“青年長江學 者”稱號。2009年博士畢業于上海交通大學（師從IEEE Fellow金榮洪教授），同年加入北航任教。曾任美國加州大學洛杉磯分校訪問學 者和德國漢堡工業大學客座教授。現擔任中國電子學會電磁相容分會委員、URSI-B中國分會委員。

吳琦教授主要從事天線與電磁相容領域的教學和研究工作，發表SCI收錄期刊論文40餘篇，出版學術作品2部，獲 發明專利授權20余項。 蘇東林 北京航空航太大學教授、博士生導師，中國工程院院士。享受 政府特殊津貼，獲五一勞動獎章、創新爭先獎及“全 國巾幗建功標兵”“北京市優 秀共產黨員”稱號。中國電子學會天線分會副主任委員、電磁環境效應專 家委員會主任委員，以及IEEE-AP北京分會 、URSI-B中國分會 等。長期致力於電磁相容基礎理論研究、關鍵技術攻關、重大裝備研製，做了系統性、創新性工作。曾獲 技術發明獎一等獎1項、 科技進步獎二等獎2項。