為科學家提供的基本流體動力學（英文）


	本書的內容是作者在波恩大學為碩士生開設的一門流體力學課程的基礎上撰寫的。讀者需要掌握非常基本的熱力學和向量微積分的知識才可以無障礙地閱讀本書。本書偏向於天體物理學和地球物理學的應用，如可能在恒星或海洋中發現的波浪類型。書中許多原理都是通過日常經驗中的例子來說明的，例如，水龍頭流出的水在洗手盆表面擴散時所形成的水力衝擊與天體物理衝擊現象有關。書中還相對簡短地提及了諸如邊界層、管道流動和空氣動力學等主題，介紹了磁流體力學，該部分是對流體力學對導電流體的擴展。本書適合物理及相關專業師生使用，也適合物理愛好者參考閱讀。



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	目錄 Preface Author biography 1 Introduction 1.1 The fluid approximation 1.2 The hydrodynamic equations Exercise 2 Some basic concepts 2.1 Visualisation 2.2 Sound waves 2.3 Compressibility 2.3.1 The incompressible equations of motion 2.4 Rotation of fluid elements 2.4.1 Cireulation 2.4.2 Vorticity 2.4.3 Potential flo w 2.5 Gravitationally stratified fluid 2.5.1 Hydrostatic equilibrium 2.5.2 The Boussinesq and anelastic approximations 2.5.3 The hydrostatic approximation Exercises References 3 Steady flow of an ideal fluid 3.I Bernoulli's equation 3.1.1 Applications of Bernoulli's equation 3.2 Subsonic and supersonic flow 3.3 Flow through a nozzle 3.4 Stellar winds and accretion Exercises References 4 Viscosity 4.1 The viscous stress tensor 4.2 Viscous heating 4.3 Examples of viscous flow 4.4 Similarity and dimensionless parameters 4.5 Regimes of viscous flow: example of flow past a solid body 4.6 Boundary layers 4.7 Heat diffusion Exercises Reference 5 Waves and instabilities 5.1 Surface gravity waves 5.1.1 The shallow-water equations 5.2 One fluid on top of another fluid 5.3 Shear instability between two fluids 5.4 Internal gravity waves 5.5 Convection 5.6 Baroclinic instability 5.7 Turbulence 5.8 The Jeans instability Exercises References 6 Shocks 6.1 Viscous versus pressure gradient force 6.2 The jump conditions 6.3 Contexts 6.4 Hydraulic jumps Exercises 7 Vorticity and rotating fluids 7.1 Vortices 7.2 The vorticity equation 7.3 The momentum equation in a rotating frame of reference 7.4 The centrifugal force and the von Zeipel paradox 7.5 The vorticity equation in a rotating frame 7.6 Inertial waves 7.7 The Taylor-Proudman theorem 7.8 The geostrophic approximation 7.9 Rossby waves Exercises References 8 Magnetohydrodynamics: equations and basic concepts 8.1 The MHD equations 8.2 The MHD approximation 8.3 The magnetic and other fields 8.4 A brief note concerning units 8.5 Field lines, flux conservation and flux freezing 8.6 Magnetic diffusivity 8.7 Magnetic pressure, tension and energy density 8.8 Waves 8.9 Different regimes in MHD 8.10 Magnetic helicity 8.11 MHD equilibria Exercises References 9 MHD: astrophysical contexts 9.1 The solar corona 9.1.1 Force-free and potential fields 9.1.2 Energy minima 9.1.3 Reconnection 9.2 Jets: launching, collimation and instabilities 9.2.1 Launching 9.2.2 Collimation 9.2.3 Instability 9.3 Angular momentum transport in discs 9.3.1 MRI: physical mechanism and stability condition 9.3.2 The dispersion relation 9.3.3 MRI:remarks Exercises References Appendix A: Useful information 編輯手記